Organic Chemistry

Introducing students to understand basic concepts and subject matters in modern organic chemistry. The credit of General Chemistry lecture and General Chemistry laboratory is required. On the other hand the lecture of Organic Chemistry has to give background for Bioorganic Chemistry and Biochemistry lectures.

Classroom

The course (30 h) and classes (15 h) are focused on basic problems in modern organic chemistry.

The principles and basic concepts in organic chemistry, including problems of functional groups, di- and tridimentional chemical structures, mechanisms of chemical reactions, structure-activity relationship and synthesis and analysis of organic compounds will be characterized.

Program:

1. The research field of organic chemistry. Which elements do form living matter?

2. Classes of organic compounds (structures, nomenclature, basic physical and chemical properties): Alkanes, Cyclic Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Halogen Compounds, Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, Nitro Compounds, Amines, Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Acid Halides, Acid Anhydrides, Amides, Nitriles.

3. Survey of selected additional classes of organic compounds: Phosphorus Compounds, Sulfur Compounds, Heterocyclic Compounds, Amino Acids, Peptides, Carbohydrates, Nucleosides, Steroids, Carotenoids

4. Oxidation and reduction reactions in organic chemistry. Oxidation numbers and levels in organic compounds

5. Special selected topics: Isomerism, Tautomerism, Mesomerism (Resonance Stabilization), Optical Isomerism, Configuration and Conformation, Inductive Effects, Steric Effects.

6. Isolation and purification of organic compounds: Crystallization, Sublimation, Distillation, Extraction, Chromatography, Dialyses, Filtration, Centrifugation.

7. Survey of spectroscopic analysis of organic compounds: IR, UV-Vis, MS, 1H and 13C NMR.

Prerequisites: General Chemistry, Laboratory of General Chemistry;

Assessment form: two written tests (at least 50% points), classes (at least 70% time presence), in case of score below 50% points - final written exam.

Description by Janusz Stępiński, November 2009.

1. Organic Chemistry (fourth edition) by John McMurry, Brooks/Cole Publishing Co., USA, 1996.

2. Instant Notes in Organic Chemistry by G. Patrick (The INSTANT NOTES Series), BIOS Scientific Publishers Limited, 2000.

3. Organic Chemistry by J. Clayden, N. Greeves, S. Warren & P. Wothers, Oxford University Press, 2001.

The lecture should introduce students to the following knowledge:

1. Steric structure of carbon atoms of various hybridizations.

2. Forming and drawing structures of organic compounds.

3. Recognizing functional groups and their reactivity.

4. Understanding of steric and electronic structures and effects in organic molecules.

5. Understanding of concept of isomerism, tautomerism, configuration and conformation.

6. Knowing the basic organic reactions and mechanisms.

7. Knowing how to depict schemes and equations of organic reactions.

8. Knowing the general nature of selected natural compounds (sugars, amino acids, peptides, nucleic acids, alkaloids and steroids).

9. Knowing how to determine the organic structure by spectroscopic methods (UV-Vis, MS, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR).

10. Knowing basic operations in organic chemistry (distillation, crystallization, extraction, filtration, centrifugation and chromatography).

Two tests during the course with at least 50 % scores. In case of lower score exam during the session is required.