Drug Chemistry

obligatory courses

1. Student knows the basics organic compounds nomenclature including heterocyclic compounds and order of priority of the characteristic groups

2. He / She can identify functional groups determining chemical and physical properties

3. He / She knows the basics of human anatomy and physiology.

of organic chemistry, pharmacology, biochemistry, physiology, toxicology and computer modeling. It relates the chemical structure of a drug to its mechanism of action and physico-chemical properties. The proposed cycle of lectures on Drug Chemistry covers both the general issues of nomenclature and classification of drugs, molecular targets of selected drugs including the receptor mechanism, the influence of the chemical structure (isomerism) on their activity and biotransformation. In a detailed part it will be presented the five most important groups of drugs used in modern pharmacotherapy taking into account their chemical structure, nomenclature compliant with IUPAC rules, mechanism of action, physico-chemical properties and used in therapies. The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system is to facilitate matchmaking by students the specific chemical structure of the drug with their mechanism of action and use in medicine

Cycle of lectures on Drug Chemistry will have the task introduce the audience with the directions of development this leading discipline among pharmaceutical sciences and present significance currently used drugs in modern pharmacotherapy. When discussing the individual groups of drugs was taken into account: chemical structure and nomenclature, physico-chemical properties important for bioavailability, pharmacological activity, receiving a specific drug form, cellular mechanism of action, relationship between chemical structure and mechanism of action, metabolism and its importance for activity and toxicity of active substances, and interactions between drugs and side effects. Progress and development in medical science about cognition patomechanism of many diseases and molecular mechanism of drug actions led to an introduction to healing a new medicines with a unique mechanism of action with effective in the treatment of diseases. Despite this, there are still many diseases that cannot be cured, and medications only reduce adverse symptoms resulting from a specific medical condition or they delay his progress. It does also concern, among other things, neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases as well as cancer. Complete recovery in many diseases is still impossible, and drugs used improve just only quality of life.

In the introductory part of lecture the audience will be introduced to with the breakdown of medicinal substances according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system and chemical structure of basic medicinal substances. Molecular targets of drug action ( receptor mechanism, ion channels , enzymes ) will be presented in the part regarding mechanism of action of the drugs in question. Metabolism as integral part inactivation of biological compounds, but simultaneously as a way to activate them will be the subject of another presentation. In the next presentations individual groups of drugs administered in diseases limited to anatomical and functional systems will be discussed. It will be discussed drugs that act on nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive and immunological system, administered in infectious and neoplastic diseases.

detailed list of topics for individual lectures is presented below:

1. Introduction to Drug Chemistry

a. nomenclature and classification of drugs

b. molecular targets of drugs

2. Stereochemical structure of drugs and activity of medicinal substances

a. Spatial isomerism

b. Structural isomerism

3. Biotransformation of drugs

a. Oxidation reactions

b. Reduction reactions

c. Hydrolysis reactions

d. Coupling reactions

4. Examples of drugs acting on the nervous system

a. Antidepressants

b. Neuroleptics

c. Hypnotics

d. Antiepileptic drugs

e. Analgesics

f. Drugs used in neurodegenerative diseases

5. Drugs used in cardiovascular diseases

a. angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors

b. beta blockers

c. calcium channel antagonists

d. diuretics

e. antiarrhythmic drugs

f. medications for high blood presure

6. Drugs used in respiratory system diseases

a. Antiasthamtics

b. Expectorant drugs and antitussive drugs

7. Antirheumatic drugs

a. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

8. Drugs used in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

a. in gastric and duodenal ulcers

b. in diseases of the liver and biliary tract

c. Antiemetic drugs

d. Anti-diarrhoeal drugs and laxatives

e. Spasmolytic drugs

9. Hormones

10. Drugs for the treatment of diabetes

11. Antihistamines

12. Vitamins

13. Drugs for infectious diseases

a. Mechanism of action

b. Sulfonamides

c. Beta lactam antibiotics

d. Aminoglycoside antibiotics

e. Macrolide antibiotics

f. Anti-tuberculosis drugs and antileprosy medicines

g. Antiviral drugs

14. Anticancer drugs

a. targeted molecular anti-cancer therapy

15. Medication used in autoimmunological diseases. Antisense drugs

1. D. Steinhilber M, M. Schubert-Zsilavecz, H.J. Roth: Chemia Medyczna; MedPharm Polska 2012

2. O. Achmatowicz: Nomenklatura związków organicznych; Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne, Warszawa 1994

3. A. Zejc, M. Gorczyca: Chemia Leków. Podręcznik dla studentów farmacji i farmaceutów, PZWL 2013

4. G.L. Patrick: Chemia organiczna – krótkie wykłady, PWN 2008

5. M. Zając, E. Pawełczyk, A. Jelińska: Chemia Leków AM Poznań2006

6. E. Pawełczyk i wsp.: Chemiczne mechanizmy działania leków.AM Poznań 1995

The graduate gets to know:

E1. Division of medicinal substances according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system

E2. Chemical structure of the main medicinal substances

E3. Relationship between chemical structure, physico-chemical properties and mechanism of action

E4. Metabolic pathways of drugs including oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis and coupling reactions

The graduate can:

E5. Explain the relationship between the chemical structure and drugs action based on

acquaintance physico-chemical properties and spatial structure of the drugs

E6. Introduce various mechanisms of drug action with particular emphasis on receptor

mechanism

E7. Provide chemical name of biological active compound according to IUPAC rules

concerning chemical nomenclature

E8. Search in the literature scientific information about the chemical structure of drugs

The student understands:

E9. Chemical and biochemical mechanism of drug action taking into account

biotransformation and active metabolites

E10. Knows the physico-chemicals properties of medicinal substances impact on activity of

Drugs.

Obligatory attendance at lectures (admissible absence from three lectures). Method of verification learning effect based on results of test exam after the end of lectures. Minimum 60 % correct answers in the test passes the subject.

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