First Aid

elective courses
supplementary

Classroom

Goals. Teaching methods and techniques of giving first aid in various types of risk to life and health. Learning skills in arranging and giving help on site of event/accident( disasters, mass accidents and bioterrorism

Content. Recognising risky situations and evaluation of basic bodily functions in conditions of risk for life. First aid to unconscious people. Basic resuscitation and reanimation operations. Principles of reanimation and resuscitation of child and adult. Giving first aid in case of: haemorrhages; wounds, including burns and frostbites; shock; swoons; chokes; sinking; hanging; stroke with lightning; heatstroke; bite; sting; epilepsy, fractures and other polytraumas, including injuries of skull and vertebral column; and in case of specific types of environmental risks, natural disasters, catastrophes, bioterrorism, including poisoning, biological contamination, chemical contamination, including radiation sickness.

Goals:

1. Teaching basic information concerning:

• methods and techniques of giving first aid in various types of risk to life and health;

• arranging and giving help on site of event/accident;

• interdisciplinary collaboration in saving health and life in circumstances of disasters, mass accidents and bioterrorism.

2. Helping students in<t0/> acquiring competence necessary to:

• shape the way of thinking and behaviours in situations of risk for one’s own and other’s health and life;

• establishing in the school/workplace a physical environment,

which is secure for health and life, considering

health and safety as well as ergonomics rules.

Content:

1. Recognising situations of risk for human health and life. evaluation of basic bodily functions in conditions of risk to life (activity of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems). Practical measurement of pulse, breath, pressure.

2. Procedures of giving first aid. General rules of restoring and sustaining basic body functions until medical services arrive on site of the event. Public Medical Services in Poland and its rules of operation. Chain of survival.

3. Basic resuscitation and reanimation operations – practical understanding of algorithms of giving first aid to children and adults.

4. First aid to unconscious people – recovery position - rules of using recovery position the so-called secure position. Practical training in laying the injured in a recovery position.

5. Restoring, sustaining and stabilising basic body functions in children (activity of the respiratoryand cardiovascular systems),principles of reanimation and resuscitation of child(evaluation of basic bodily functions in conditions of risk for life of a child).Practical training in resuscitation/reanimation of child.

6. Restoring, sustaining and stabilising basic body functions in adults (activity of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems). Resuscitation/reanimation<t10/> of child -basic principles of restoring and sustaining body functions in adults. Practical training in resuscitation operations in adults.

7. Restoring, sustaining and stabilising basic body functions in a pregnant woman (activity of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems). Resuscitation/reanimation of pregnant women - principles of giving first aid to a pregnant woman. Practical training in resuscitation operations in a pregnant woman.

8. Giving first aid in various types of haemorrhages and wounds. Practical training in giving first aid in various types of haemorrhages, wounds burns and frostbites.

9. Protection and stabilisation of various areas of the human body injured as a result of operation of external factors. First aid in knocks, sprains, dislocations and fractures. Practical training in dressing compound and simple fractures on site of the incident.

10. Secure evacuation of the injured people from vehicles - practical training – simulation. Arranging and carrying out safe transport of people in condition of sudden risk to health and life.

11. Condition of risk to life of internal origin (cardiac, respiratory, anaphylaxis, metabolic) and possibility of giving first aid. >Practical training in giving first aid in: swoon, choke in children and adults, epilepsy, electric shock, stroke with lightning, hypo- and hyperglycaemia - simulation.

12. Condition of risk to life of gynaecological/obstetrical origin and possibility of giving first aid. Practical training in giving first aid in gynaecological haemorrhage, sudden childbirth, rape - simulation.

13. Condition of risk to life of psychiatric origin (suicide of various aetiology) and possibility of giving first aid – practically - first aid in poisonings (chemical substances, drugs, carbon monoxide)., sinking and hanging - simulation.

14. Giving aid on site of disasters and mass accidents – principles of medical segregation and decontamination of the injured people – practical performance – board method.

15. Taking rescue actions in specific type of environmental risk: decompression sickness, altitude sickness, acute mountain sickness and rescue procedures in biological contamination (rules of procedure, decontamination and elimination of poisons) and in chemical contamination, including radiation sickness. First aid in biological and chemical contaminations - simulation.

Mandatory references:

1. Zawadzki A. (red.): Medycyna ratunkowa i katastrof. PZWL, Warszawa 2007

2. Panufnik K. i wsp.: Pierwsza pomoc. Wydawnictwo Forum, Poznań 2008

Supplementary bibliography

1. Colquhoun M.,C, iwsp.(red.): tł. Jakubaszko J.: ABC resuscytacji. Wydawnictwo Medyczne - Górnicki, Wrocław 2004

2. Driscoll P i wsp. (red.): tł. Jakubaszko J.: ABC postępowania w urazach. Górnicki Wydawnictwo Medyczne, Wrocław 2003

3. Leach Richard M., Ward Jaremy P.,T., Sylvester James T.: Stany nagłe w zarysie. PZWL, Warszawa 2008

4. Briggs S. M., Brinsfield K.H.(red.): Wczesne postępowanie medyczne w katastrofach. PZWL, Warszawa 2008

5. Kokot F. (red.): Ostre stany zagrożenia życia w chorobach wewnętrznych. PZWL, Warszawa 2008

6. Chomiczewski K. i wsp.: Bioterroryzm. PZWL, Warszawa 2008

7. Janiak M.K., Wójcik A.(red.): Medycyna zagrożeń i urazów radiacyjnych. PZWL, Warszawa 2008

8. Kowalczyk M. i wsp. : Medycyna katastrof chemicznych. PZWL, Warszawa 2008

Education outcomes

KNOWLEDGE

1. Student knows the principles of modern cardiovascular and respiratory resuscitation.

2. Student knows the principles of life-saving procedure in conditions of sudden risk to life: of external and internal origin, environmental risks and mass accidents, disasters and in emergency situations.

SKILLS

1. Student can start the "chain of survival”

2. Student can carry out reanimation/resuscitation of a child and adult without instrumentation

3. Student can give first aid to unconscious people

4. Student can give first aid in various sudden conditions (e. g. haemorrhages, wounds, fractures, swoons, choke, sinking, stroke with lightning, burns, heatstroke, bites, etc.)

5. Student can plan safe evacuation of the injured from site

6. of the accident.

SOCIAL COMPETENCE

1. Student understands necessity to observe rules and procedures when giving first aid to people in conditions of sudden risk to life.

2. Student overcomes his/her own barriers against carrying out rescue operations to people needing help in risk to their life and health.

3. Student cares for regular expansion of knowledge and skills in the field of giving first aid.

Completion requirements

1. Principles of completing the exercises – completion with grade (average of grades in practical skills). Student's absence must be justified and completed by the Student in a form agreed with the lecturer.

2. Student completes the exercises, if:

− he/she completed the justified absences,

− he/she received a positive grade in practical tests of skills

of giving first aid

without instrumentation provided by the curriculum,

- he/she passed a final test (education results).