History of Language and Lexicography (B) - Italian

obligatory courses

The history of the formation of the Italian language, the history of its codification and institutions

Introduction to the history of Italian language: a) the evolution from Latin to Italiano volgare

(phonological, morphological, syntactic, lexical system) b) the first texts in Italian literature; c) the

progressive codification of the Italian language and the formation of linguistic norm: grammatical

textbooks and dictionaries.

lecture for theoretical issues;

- work in groups in the analysis of texts

Basic course of Latin language.

The process of formation of Italian volgare from Latin, its characteristics and historical changes.

The main aim of the Course is to make students familiar with the following topics:

- The changes in Latin and the concept of latino volgare. Evolution in Latino volgare and the

development of the Romance languages and dialects of Italian.

- Simplification and regularization of the phonological system: vowel and consonant reductions.

- Simplification of the morphological system: reductions of declination and conjugation system,

formation of analytic forms ; formations of the pronoun system and of the articles.

- Changes in syntax: development of prepositional forms, fixation of the word order within a

sentence.

- Changes in the lexical system: semantic shifts, emergence of new words, development of afixation.

- The first texts in volgare: Indovinello veronese, Iscrizione della Basilica di San Clemente, Placiti

cassinesi.

- Practical texts in volgare : commercial and religious texts.

- Beginnings of the literature in volgare: a) the Sicilian School and its Tuscan adaptation b) religious

text in Umbria (St. Francis, Jacopone da Todi)

- Dante, Petrarca and Boccaccio and their contribution to the development of the Italian language:

Dante and his vision of volgare (De vulgari eloquentia, Convivio), the language model of Petrarca; the

syntax of Boccaccio in Decamerone)

- Between Latin and volgare: humanism in Italy.

- Discussions on language during the Cinquecento (Bembo, Trissino, Macchiavelli, Castiglione) and

the formation of a linguistic model.

- The origins of the codification of the Italian volgare: the first grammars.

- The role of Accademia della Crusca as an institution determining the formations of the standard

language. Il Vocabolario degli Accademici Della Crusca and the beginnings of lexicography Italian:

polemics around the Vocabolario and its model of the language.

- Italian language in the Baroque; development of the Italian language of science (Galileo).

- Italian language in the Settecento: proposals of reforms (Verri, Cesarotti). The role of French lexical

influences.

- Controversy around the linguistic norm in the nineteenth century : Manzoni and Ascoli.

- The linguistic situation in the period of the Unification of Italy and the linguistic problems after the

reunification: written and spoken language, dialects; how to promote a unique model of language.

Development of lexicography and grammars in the nineteenth century.

- Language Situation and Social Italy in the first half of the twentieth : language policy during the

Mussolinian period, the Italian language abroad.

Manuals:

Patota G. (2002), Lineamenti di grammatica storica dell’italiano, Il Mulino, Bologna

D’Achille P. (2004), Breve grammatica storica dell’italiano, Carocci, Le Bussole, Roma

Marazzini C. (2004), Breve storia della lingua italiana, Il Mulino Bologna

Facultative:

Marazzini C. (2006), La storia della lingua italiana attraverso i testi, Il Mulino, Bologna

Schlosser R. (2001), Le lingue romanze, Il Mulino, Bologna

Tesi R. (2001), Storia dell’italiano. La formazione Della lingua comune dalle origini al Rinascimento,

Laterza, Bari

K1_W02 the student knows basic terminology in the field of general and applied linguistics

K1_W03 the student knows at an advanced level the stages of development of linguistics as a field of knowledge from a historical perspective, understands the comprehensive nature of language and its complexity and historical variability

K1_W07 the student knows and understands the relationships between languages and their role in culture

K1_W08 the student knows basic terminology and has systematic knowledge of phonetics and phonology as well as descriptive grammar of the two foreign languages studied, as well as contrastive grammar (applies to the relationship between Polish and one selected foreign language)

K1_U02 the student has elementary research skills, is able to formulate research problems and is able to use research tools of applied linguistics (within the subfields of linguistics according to the selected module); is able to select appropriate methods to solve problems in a selected field

K1_U03 the student is able to recognize characteristic cultural elements and properly interpret the ongoing socio-historical changes in relation to the realities of a given linguistic area (two foreign languages studied)

K1_U10 the student is able to appropriately apply theoretical knowledge in the field of study (applied linguistics) in typical professional situations, including team projects, also in interdisciplinary projects

K1_K01 the student is ready to adequately identify and resolve interlingual communication dilemmas caused by the asymmetry of language systems and cultural differences, observing ethical behavior patterns and seeking the opinions of experts

K1_K02 the student is ready to critically assess his own knowledge in the field of applied linguistics, appreciates the importance of substantive argumentation in solving research and practical problems (in professional situations)

K1_K04 the student is ready to undertake activities in interlingual/multilingual communication aimed at preserving the cultural heritage of a given region or country

K1_K07 the student is ready to take up professional activities and challenges in a social environment, demonstrating the characteristics of a reflective practitioner

S1.2_W03 the student knows and understands the main directions of development and the most important new scientific achievements in the field of translation, lexicography, terminology regarding specialized languages and literary texts

S1.2_W07 the student has basic knowledge of the Latin language and its influence on the process of shaping modern languages

S1.2_W08 the student knows at an advanced level the history of the development of lexicography as a field of knowledge, understands the comprehensive nature of the language and its complexity and historical variability, especially in relation to the two foreign languages studied

S1.2_W11 the student knows and understands the specificity of contemporary theories and methodologies in the field of lexicography, is aware of the main directions of development and the most important new scientific achievements in this field in the field of the two foreign languages studied

S1.2_U06 the student is able to recognize terminology of Latin origin, independently search for the meanings of terms and skillfully explain concepts in various fields of knowledge and professional activity

S1.2_U07 the student is able to search for and critically evaluate equivalent forms in various types of lexicographic works, including text corpora, in the Polish language and the two studied languages

S1.2_U08 the student is able to use publicly available databases and other terminological resources to work with specialized texts, is able to critically evaluate the collected terminological data in a selected field of knowledge and professional activity

S1.2_U09 the student is able to determine the origin of specific terms and apply knowledge about the historical conditions of the two studied languages in translation practice

S1.2_U10 the student is able to properly interpret lexicographic and terminological data, correctly interprets the features of a given specialized language, determines its level of terminology

S1.2_K01 the student is ready to properly identify and resolve specialist communication dilemmas caused by the asymmetry of various language systems and cultural differences, observing ethical behavior patterns and seeking the opinions of experts

S1.2_K02 the student is ready to mediate between the cultures of the areas of the two foreign languages studied and to participate in the cultural life of given countries, using traditional and the latest media

S1.2_K04 the student is ready to accept translation projects, properly determine the workload and search for linguistic and cultural data needed to complete a specific project

Assessment methods:

- test covering issues related to historical grammar (transition from Latin to volgare in phonology,

morphology, syntax and vocabulary) - 50%

- written exam for history of Italian language: development of the Italian language, its codification,

institutions relevant for the development of the language - 50%

Assessment criteria:

55% -69% = 3; 70% -74% = 3.5; 75% -84% = 4; 85% -89% = 4+;

The student is expected to have had at least 1 semester of Latin language course.

The student is expected to have basic knowledge of Latin grammar in the field of morphology and

syntax.

The Student is expected to be able to recognise forms of Latin grammatical cases, declination and

conjugation.

90% -100% = 5

none