Laboratory Classes in Biology - Botany

obligatory courses

Necessary knowledge of botany and plant cell biology at the secondary school level.

Classroom

The aim of the laboratory classes in botany is to learn practically the structure and development of representatives of the basic taxonomic units of fungi and plants, cell and tissue structure, vegetative and generative organs, using light microscopy and supporting experimental techniques.

The aim of the laboratory classes in botany is to learn the structure and development of representatives of the basic taxonomic units of fungi and plants, cell and tissue structure, vegetative and generative organs, and adaptations to life in specific environmental conditions. The structure of plant cells and tissues will be learned at various stages of development. The exercises are carried out using the technique of light microscopy.

Exercises include preparation of material for observation under a light microscope and under a binocular, staining and other experimental procedures aimed at improving the quality of the image and visualizing selected structures. An important element of classes is the analysis of the microscopic image, the ability to distinguish artifacts resulting from the method of preparation of the microscopic slides, to be able to identify deviations from the correct structure of a given organ of the examined object. This skill is indispensable in the future for the use of the microscope for bioindication purposes based on the developmental changes of the organism under the influence of environmental pollutants.

1. A. Szweykowska, J. Szweykowski:

a) "Botanika - systematyka"

b) "Botanika - Morfologia".

2. Praca zbiorowa pod red A. Woźny: "Podstawy Biologii Komórki Roślinnej", PWN.

3. Prac zbiorowa pod red P. Wojtaszek "Biologia Komórki Roślinnej" PWN 2006.

4.C.H. Walker, S.P. Hopkin, R.M. Sibly, D.B. Peakall "Podstawy ekotoksykologii" PWN.

After completing the course, the student:

- is able to prepare plant material for observation under a light microscope and under a binocular (preparation of sections, subsequent processing depending on the needs, staining of cell structures),

- distinguishes between the differentiation of the cell structure of plant tissues,

- recognizes and analyzes the development stages of fungi, algae, lower and higher plants,

- analyzes the anatomy of plants,

- is able to assess the degree of developmental anomalies of the organism,

- can use light microscopy to assess the degree of morphological, anatomical and developmental changes in plants for bioindication purposes.

Exercises credited on the basis of:

1. Attendance at the exercises (2 absence possible).

2. Preparation for each exercise (reminder of the material required for each exercise).

3. Preparation, activity during exercises, completion by the instructor made with understanding of the documentation of the analyzed objects.

4. Passing two written tests; colloquia is conducted in the form of single-choice tests of the correct answer, the number of questions in each test is 20-25. 60% of correctly answered answers is the minimum to be passed.

not applicable