Foreign, Security and Defence Policy of the EU

obowiązkowe

I. Analyzing theoretical aspects of European external involvement

II. Exploring empirical aspects of European external policies and initiatives

III. Investigating current tendencies in the EU’s activities in northern and eastern parts of the continent

IV. Identifying the most important challenges in the EU’s neighbourhood

1. Institutional concept of the second pillar of the European Union

2. CFSP after Lisbon Treaty

Main directions of the CFSP

3. CFSP and the Russian Federation

4. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine: EU’s response

5. European Neighbourhood Policy: Eastern dimension

6. CFSP and Transatlantic Relations

7. CFSP and China

Common Security and Defence Policy

8. The diagnosis of the EU security environment

9. The creation and beginning of ESDP.

10. I stage of the ESDP development – concentration on crisis management operations.

11. II stage of the CSDP development – the Pooling & Sharing concept.

12. III (current) stage of the CSDP development – towards strategic autonomy.

13. The current state of affairs – CSDP after February 24, 2022.

14. Summing up - assessment of current shape and condition of CSDP and prospects for its future development.

1. Institutional concept of the second pillar of the European Union

- Institutionalisation of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) in Maastricht Treaty

- Goals of CFSP

- Instruments of the CFSP

- Decision making and implementing institutions

- Changes in the CFSP introduced by the Treaty of Amsterdam and the Treaty of Nice

2. CFSP after Lisbon Treaty

- Goals of CFSP

- Instruments of the CFSP

- Decision making and implementing institutions

Main directions of the CFSP

3. CFSP and the Russian Federation

- Objectives of political dialogue with Russia

- Partnership and Cooperation Agreement

- Common Strategy on Russia

- Other initiatives regarding Russia

4. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine: EU’s response

- sanctions imposed on Russia

- political and economic consequences of the war for Russia and for the EU

- prospects for EU – Russia relations

5. European Neighbourhood Policy: Eastern dimension

- Main objectives

- PCA’s with neighbouring countries

- ENP Plus

- Eastern Partnership

6. CFSP and Transatlantic Relations

- Transatlantic Declaration

- The Madrid Charter and the New Transatlantic Agenda

- New trends in Transatlantic Economic Partnership

7. CFSP and China

- Objectives of political dialogue with China

- legal and institutional framework

- key problems and challenges

Common(formerly European) security and Defense Policy

8. The diagnosis of the EU security environment:

- identification of the main security challenges for EU,

- differences in security perception between the member states,

- EU as a security community - the meaning for security in non-military aspects (sectors).

9. The creation and beginning of ESDP:

- brief history of Western European international military and security cooperation (1945-1992) as genesis of ESDP/CSDP,

- the Role of Western European Union in European integration on security and defense issues in the 90’s,

- the road to establishment of European Security and Defense Policy (1999) – political and material reasons,

- organizational structure and mechanisms of decision making process during ESDP period (1999-2010) – main elements and evolution,

- reforms of ESDP introduced by Lisbon Treaty. Role of VP/HR and EEAS in CSDP

- European Security Strategy (2003).

10. I stage of the ESDP development – concentration on crisis management operations:

- initial efforts: European Headline Goal (1999) and Civilian Headline Goal (2003),

- Berlin Plus agreement and cooperation with NATO,

- the readjustment: European Headline Goal 2010 and Civilian Headline Goal 2008; concept of battle groups,

- basic categories and organizational patterns of EU operations under ESDP/CSDP framework (types of mission, force-generation, mission command & control, financing of ESDP/CSDP missions – Athena mechanisms) ,

- ESDP/CSDP military operations in practice,

- ESDP/CSDP civilian operations in practice,

- main evolutionary trends and problems in ESDP/CSDP operations.

11. II stage of the CSDP development – the Pooling & Sharing concept:

- constraints caused by the 2008 financial crisis and the austerity policy,

- 2010 Ghent (pooling and sharing) initiative,

- decisions of European Defense Council of December 2013,

- context of the 2010s political-military processes inside and outside EU.

12. III (current) stage of the CSDP development – towards strategic autonomy:

- European Union Global Strategy (2016),

- concentration on the defence industrial issues: 1) general overview of defense industry and market in Europe (size and value of the market, main players and stakeholders), 2) European Defence Agency, 3) the role of the European Commission,

- new CSDP instruments and its significance: 1) Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO), 2) European Defence Fund, 3) Coordinated Annual Review on Defence (CARD), 4) Military Planning and Conduct Capability.

13. The current state of affairs – CSDP after February 24, 2022.

- A Strategic Compass for Security and Defence,

- a train-and equip approach – European Peace Facility, EUMAM Ukraine,

- intra-EU frictions around military aid for Ukraine.

14. Summing up - assessment of current shape and condition of CSDP and prospects for its future development:

- Debate: the European Army: is it possible/necessary?

1. Stephen Keukeleire, Tom Delreux, “The Foreign Policy of the European Union”, Palgrave Macmillan 2014.

2. Keukeleire, S. & T. Delreux, The Foreign Policy of the European Union, 2nd edition, Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.

3. Jones, E. & van Genugten, S. (eds.), The Future of European Foreign Policy, Abingdon, Routledge, 2013.

4. Telò, M. & F. Ponjaert (eds.), The EU's Foreign Policy: What Kind of Power and Diplomatic Action?, Aldershot, Ashgate, 2013.

5. Bindi, F. (ed.), The Foreign Policy of the European Union: Assessing Europe's Role in the World, 2nd edition, Washington, Brookings Institution Press, 2012.

6. Witold M. Góralski, Szymon Kardaś (ed.), “The European Union. Origins - Structure – Acquis”, Warsaw 2008.

7. Exploring EU Foreign Policy: http://www.eufp.eu/

8. S. Biscop, R. Whitman, Routledge Handbook on European Security, Routledge 2013

9. M.E. Smith, Europe's Common Security and Defence Policy Capacity-Building, Experiential Learning, and Institutional Change, Cambridge University Press 2017

10. Giovanni Grevi, Damien Helly, Daniel Keohane (eds.), European Security and Defense Policy. The first ten years (1999-2009), EU Institute for Security Studies (ISS) 2010

11. Strategy Matters. EU Key documents, EU ISS 2014 + European Union Global Strategy, 2016 12. European Defence, Review No 9, European Court of Auditors 2019

13. D. Fiott (ed.), The CSDP in 2020. The EU’s Legacy and Ambition in Security and Defence, EU ISS 2020.

14. Official website of EEAS (https://eeas.europa.eu/topics/common-security-and-defence-policy-csdp_en; https://eeas.europa.eu/headquarters/headquarters-homepage/430/military-and-civilian-missions-and-operations_en); EDA (http://www.eda.europa.eu); PESCO (https://pesco.europa.eu/); European Council/Council of the EU (https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/defence-security/).

15. A Strategic Compass for Security and Defence, (https://www.eeas.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/strategic_compass_en3_web.pdf)

16. N. Tocci, The Paradox of Europe’s Defense Moment, "The Strategist" Vol 6, No. 1, Winter 2022/2023, (https://tnsr.org/2023/01/the-paradox-of-europes-defense-moment/).

Know instruments and institutions responsible for EU’s external involvement, including in the realm of security and defense

Know the main aspects of the EU’s activities in the northern and eastern neighbourhood, as well as outside Europe

Know the most important trends and developments regarding the EU's significance for European security and defence

Be able to critically evaluate existing and proposed EU’s external policies, incluing functioning of CSDP

Be able to find key documents framing EU’s external policies

Be able to work individually and in a group on given tasks, especially in multicultural environment

Be aware of academic and cultural differences reflected in various approaches and methods used by other seminar participants

(K-W01; K-W02; K-W03; K-W04; K-U01; K-U04; K-K01; K-K02)

- written exam (multiple choice and open questions)

- presentation (optional)

- active participation (including speaking up during the debate at the last class)

- n. a.