Biological invasions

elective monographs

Students should have basic knowledge about the diversity of the world of plants, animals, fungi, micro-organisms and viruses and should understand the reasons for its spatial diversity (habitat and historical conditions). Very useful is basic knowledge about mechanisms of propagulae dispersion and the human role in stimulating migrations of different groups of organisms

Classroom
Remote learning

The problem of biological invasions seen from the perspective of different disciplines of biological sciences. Mechanisms, patterns, consequences, possibilities of prediction and control of the invasions discussed based on selected examples of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and viruses.

Interdisciplinary lecture. The issue of invasions presented by specialists in different fields: zoologists, botanists, mycologists, microbiologists and virologists.

A) Plants, animals, fungi

Definitions of invasive species. Introduction, invasion and expansion processes.

The most spectacular invasions of plants, animals, fungi: – causes, patterns, mechanisms and consequences.

Specifics and examples of invasions taking place on strong isolated islands.

The problem of the predictability of invasion and expansion.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of methods to combat invasive species.

Invasive species in network of plant and animal species interactions – the case of ecological relationships in the process of pollination (pollination network).

B) Bacteria and viruses

Bacteria and viruses as invasive species. Factors leading to the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases. Animal invasions (zoonoses) as phenomena particularly dangerous to human health. The impact of human behavior on the spread of invasive diseases - involuntary and targeted actions (bioterrorism).

Specifics and examples of viral invasions: smallpox and measles virus (the conquest of the New World using natural biological weapons); polio virus, associated with the introduction of modern sanitary facilities; hemorrhagic fever viruses (e.g. hanta) associated with climate change and behavior of disease vectors, SARS-CoV-1 virus (air travel pandemic); HIV virus.

Specifics and examples of bacterial invasions. Microbiological threats in food. "The Empire Strikes Back" - a syphilis in Europe. Cholera - yesterday and today. Plague - the biggest catastrophe in Europe's history. Strategies for the identification of viral and bacterial invasions. Prevention and control strategies.

Basic literature

Elton Ch.S. 1967. Ekologia inwazji zwierząt i roślin. Państwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne, Warszawa.

Głowaciński Z., Okarma H., Pawłowski J., Solarz W. (red.). 2011. Gatunki obce w faunie Polski. Tom I. Przegląd i ocena stanu. Wyd. Instytutu Ochrony Przyrody PAN w Krakowie. [także wydanie internetowe: www.iop.krakow.pl/gatunkiobce ]

Głowaciński Z. (red.). 2011. Gatunki obce w faunie Polski. Tom II. Zagadnienia problemowe i syntezy. Wyd. Instytutu Ochrony Przyrody PAN w Krakowie.

Konopacka A. 2004. Inwazyjne skorupiaki obunogie (Crustacea, Amphipoda) w wodach Polski. Przegląd Zoologiczny, 48: 141-162.

Lockwood J.L., Hoopes M.F., Marchetti M.P. 2008. Invasion ecology. Blackwell Publishing, Malden – Oxford – Carlton.

Nowak E. 1974. Zwierzęta w ekspansji. Wiedza Powszechna, seria „Omega”.

Ad. Plant invasions

Crosby A.W. 1999. Imperializm ekologiczny. Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, Warszawa.

Kornaś J. Medwecka-Kornaś A. 2002. Geografia roślin (rozdział: Rola człowieka w historii szaty roślinnej). Wyd. Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.

Kostrowicki A.S. 1999. Geografia biosfery. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.

Podbielkowski Z. 1995. Wędrówki roślin. WSiP, Warszawa.

Sudnik-Wójcikowska B. 2015. Rośliny synantropijne. Multico Oficyna Wydawnicza, Warszawa.

Tokarska-Guzik B. 2005. The establishment and spread of alien plant species (kenophytes) in the flora of Poland. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Katowice.

Basic literature

Ad. Plant invasions

Sudnik-Wójcikowska B. 2015. Rośliny synantropijne. Multico Oficyna Wydawnicza, Warszawa.

Tokarska-Guzik B., Dajdok Z., Zając M. Zając A., Urbisz A., Danielewicz W., Hołdyński C. 2012. Rośliny obcego pochodzenia w Polsce ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem gatunków inwazyjnych. GDOŚ, Warszawa. [publication available on the website of the General Directorate for Environmental Protection: Genaralna Dyrekcja Ochrony Środowiska, „Inwazyjne gatunki obce”]

Dajdok Z., Pawlaczyk P. 2009. Inwazyjne gatunki roślin ekosystemów mokradłowych Polski. Wydaw. Klubu Przyrodników, Świebodzin. http://www.bagna.pl/images/biblioteczka/inwazyjne_mokradlowea.pdf

Ad. Animal invasions

Elton Ch.S. 1967. Ekologia inwazji zwierząt i roślin. Państwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne, Warszawa.

Głowaciński Z., Okarma H., Pawłowski J., Solarz W. (red.). 2011 Gatunki obce w faunie Polski. Tom I. Przegląd i ocena stanu. Wydaw. Instytutu Ochrony Przyrody PAN, Kraków. [publication available on the website www.iop.krakow.pl/gatunkiobce]

Głowaciński Z. (red.) 2011. Gatunki obce w faunie Polski. Tom II. Zagadnienia problemowe i syntezy. Wydaw. Instytutu Ochrony Przyrody PAN, Kraków.

Lockwood J.L., Hoopes M.F., Marchetti M.P. 2008. Invasion ecology. Blackwell Publishing, Malden, Oxford, Carlton.

Nowak E. 1974. Zwierzęta w ekspansji. Wiedza Powszechna, Warszawa.

Ad. Viral invasions

Piekarowicz A. 2004. Podstawy wirusologii molekularnej. Wydaw. Nauk. PWN, Warszawa.

Goździcka-Józefiak A. 2019. Wirusologia. Wydaw. Nauk. PWN, Warszawa

Supplementary literature:

Publications available on the website of the General Directorate for Environmental Protection (Genaralna Dyrekcja Ochrony Środowiska, „Inwazyjne gatunki obce”):

Sachajdakiewicz I., Mędrzycki P. (red.) 2014. Wytyczne dotyczące zwalczania barszczu Sosnowskiego (Heracleum sosnowskyi) i barszczu Mantegazziego (Heracleum mantegazzianum) na terenie Polski. GDOŚ, Warszawa.

Tokarska-Guzik B., Fojcik B., Bzdęga K., Urbisz A., Nowak T., Pasebiński A., Dajdok Z., 2015. Wytyczne dotyczące zwalczania rdestowców na terenie Polski. Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska, Katowice.

Kodeks dobrych praktyk. Ogrodnictwo wobec roślin inwazyjnych obcego pochodzenia 2014. GDOŚ, Warszawa.

Bij de Vaate A., Jazdzewski K., Ketelaars S., Gollasch S., Van der Velde G. 2002. Geographical patterns in range extension of Ponto-Caspian macroinvertebrate species in Europe. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59: 1159-1174.

Gargas A. et al. 2009. Geomyces destructans sp. nov. associated with bat white-nose syndrome. Mycotaxon 108: 147-154.

Goulson D. 2003. Bumblebees. Behaviour and ecology. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Konopacka A. 2004. Inwazyjne skorupiaki obunogie (Crustacea, Amphipoda) w wodach Polski. Przegląd Zoologiczny 48: 141-162.

Hiero J., Maron J., Callaway R. 2005. A biogeographical approach to plant invasions: the importance of studying exotics in their introduced and native range. Journal of Ecology 93: 5-15.

Rossman A. 2009. The impact of invasive fungi on agricultural ecosystems in the United States. Biological Invasions 11: 97–107.

Willmer P. 2011. Pollination and floral ecology. Princeton University Press, Princeton.

KNOWLEDGE

1. The student knows the factors affecting the state of nature and environment (K_W02Os2).

2. The student knows the terminology and methods used in nature protection (K_W04Os2).

3. The student has knowledge of threats – causes of soil, water resources and landscape degradation and knows what modern methods of nature protection to use (K_W05Os2, K_W10Os2).

ABILITIES

1. The student shows the ability of proficient usage of scientific literature in Polish and in a foreign language (K_U03Os2).

2. The student is able to identify the reasons of degradation of water and land ecosystems and defines the current environmental condition of a given ecosystem on the basis of provided biological data and her/his own observations (K_U07Os2, K_U08Os2).

3. The student is able to suggest a suitable method of monitoring species and natural habitats (K_U17Os2).

SOCIAL COMPETENCE

1. The student shows the need of constant updating and broadening her/his knowledge of the studied field and has the habit of using objective and unbiased sources of scientific information (K_K02Os2, K_K09Os2).

2. The student can properly define priorities which serve problem solving in the protection of nature and environment. The student has a high level of ecological awareness (K_K06Os2).

3. The student understands the necessity of following the rules of sustainable development in everyday life and in economy (K_K07Os2).

Test - credit based on 51% accurate answers